A wireless intrusion detection system (WIDS) is a network device that monitors the radio spectrum for the presence of unauthorized, rogue access points.

Large organizations with many employees are particularly vulnerable to security breaches caused by rogue access points. If an employee (trusted entity) in a location brings in an easily available wireless router, the entire network can be exposed to anyone within range of the signals.

A typical wireless intrusion detection system consists of a network appliance, which can be a simple computer, connected to a wireless signal processing device, and antennae placed throughout the facility. The system monitors the radio spectrum used by wireless LANs, and immediately alerts a systems administrator whenever a rogue access point is detected. Conventionally it is achieved by comparing the MAC address of the participating wireless devices.

Rogue devices can spoof MAC address of an authorized network device as their own. New research uses fingerprinting approach to weed out devices with spoofed MAC addresses. The idea is to compare the unique signatures exhibited by the signals emitted by each wireless device against the known signatures of pre-authorized, known wireless devices. [1]

A commercial WIDS© with geolocation capability was originally developed by Cole Innovations in conjunction with the AFRL (Air Force Research Laboratory) Information Directorate in Rome, NY in 2001. The system could alert authorities in real-time as to where the attacker is located and what they are attempting to do. This was done to meet military security demands as they began to rely more heavily on wireless devices. The system has also integrated into law enforcement applications.

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